Criminal Tail Mac OS
Display the last part of a file. Display the contents of file or, by default, it's standard input, to the standard output.
During startup, your Mac verifies the integrity of the operating system (OS) on your startup disk to make sure that it's legitimate. If the OS is unknown or can't be verified as legitimate, your Mac connects to Apple to download the updated integrity information it needs to verify the OS. This article was co-authored by our trained team of editors and researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. WikiHow's Content Management Team carefully monitors the work from our editorial staff to ensure that each article is backed by trusted research and meets our high quality standards.
If more than a single file is specified, each file is preceded by a header consisting of the string >XXX< where XXX is the name of the file.
The Process Control keyboard shortcuts can be used while tail is running.
The display begins at a byte, line or 512-byte block location in the input.
Numbers having a leading plus (+) sign are relative to the beginning of the input, for example, -c +2 starts the display at the second byte of the input. Numbers having a leading minus (-) sign or no explicit sign are relative to the end of the input, for example, -n 2 displays the last two lines of the input.
The default starting location is -n 10, or the last 10 lines of the input.
The tail utility is expected to be a superset of the IEEE Std 1003.2-1992 (POSIX.2) specification. In particular, the -F, -b and -r options are extensions to that standard.
The tail utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
Common Log File locations
/private/var/log
/Library/Logs
~/Library/Logs
The /private folder is hidden for protection. To view it with Finder, select Go > Go to Folder
Examples
Extract the last 20 lines from a file:
$ tail -20 file.txt
Output the newly appended lines of a file instantly:
$ tail -f /var/log/wifi.log
Output newly appended lines, and keep trying if the file is temporarily inaccessible:
Criminal Tail Mac Os 11
$ tail -F /var/log/wifi.log
DIsplay the last 40 lines from the system.log, continue until Ctrl-C is pressed:
$ tail -40 -f /var/log/system.log
Extract lines 40-50 from a file, first using head to get the first 50 lines then tail to get the last 10:
$ head -50 file.txt tail -10
'Money will buy a pretty good dog, but it won't buy the wag of his tail' ~ Henry Wheeler Shaw
Related macOS commands:
cat - Concatenate and print (display) the content of files.
head - Display the first lines of a file.
sed - Stream Editor.
Console.app (Applications/Utilities) - Display macOS log files.
LNav.org - Log file Navigator.
Criminal Tail Mac Os Catalina
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